Table 1 Descriptive profile of individual and multi-level measures included in this analysis

Outcomes

 Mortality (discharged as ‘dead’)

 Hospitalizations for traumatic injury/100,000

Median, 263.46; range, 21.15 to 1,560.14

 Trauma patients/census tract

Median, 11; range, 1 to 58

 Trauma Mortality Prediction Model p(death)

Median, 1.57%; range, 0.001% to 94.01%

Independent variables: contextual

 Census measures: socioeconomic indicators

  % Owner-occupied housing

54.3 (52.0 to 56.7)

  % of Population less than 18 years old

26.4 (25.7 to 27.2)

  % Estimated living below poverty level

18.7 (17.6 to 19.9)

  % Unemployed (previous 12 months)

7.7 (7.3 to 8.1)

  % High school graduates

75.8 (74.3 to 77.4)

  Median annual household ($)

Median, $46,188; range, $11,875 to $247,292

  Alcohol outlets/100,000 population

49.8 (41.9 to 57.7)

  Dallas county UCR crime rate/100,000 population

8,823 (7,753 to 9,893)

Independent variables: demographic

-

  Population density (population/square mile)

5,304.7 (4,937.5 to 5,671.8)

  % White race

58.4 (56.3 to 60.4)

  % Black race

21.2 (19.2 to 23.3)

  % Hispanic/Latino

36.0 (33.7 to 38.2)

  % Other races/multiracial

5.00 (4.5 to 5.6)

  % 65 and older

9.4 (8.8 to 9.9)

Independent variables: individual level

 Demographic

  Sex (male)

  Age (years)

52.9 (52.2 to 53.6)

 Race/ethnicity

  White

-

  Hispanic/Latino

-

  Black

-

  Other races/multiracial

-

 Mechanism of injury/hospital records

  Blunt

-

  Penetrating

-

  Other/unknown

-

  Elixhauser Comorbidity Score

Median, 2; range, 0 to 12

  Alcohol intoxication at hospital

-

  Length of hospital stay (days)

5.8 (5.5 to 6.0)