From: Firearms and the incidence of arrest among respondents to domestic violence restraining orders
Order-recovery status and respondent characteristic | Risk of incident arrest | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any offense | Offenses not involving violence or firearms | Domestic violence | Other violent or firearm-related offenses | |||||
OR | P value | OR | P value | OR | P value | OR | P value | |
(95Â % CI) | (95Â % CI) | (95Â % CI) | (95Â % CI) | |||||
Sex | ||||||||
 Male (n = 2,439) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | 0.8975 | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | 0.8651 | 1.1 (0.7-1.7) | 0.6028 | 1.7 (1.0-2.8) | 0.0516 |
 Female (n = 533) | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  |
Ageb, years | ||||||||
 ≤24 (n = 418) | 2.7 (1.9-4.0) | <0.0001 | 2.4 (1.6-3.7) | <0.0001 | 1.5 (1.0-2.5) | 0.1759 | 2.5 (1.5-4.1) | 0.0023 |
 25-34 (n = 807) | 1.5 (1.1-2.0) |  | 1.5 (1.1-2.1) |  | 1.3 (0.9-2.0) |  | 1.4 (0.9-2.2) |  |
 35-44 (n = 850) | 1.0 (0.7-1.3) |  | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) |  | 1.0 (0.7-1.6) |  | 1.1 (0.8-1.7) |  |
 ≥45 (n = 831) | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  |
Prior arrest charges | ||||||||
 10+ (n = 496) | 69.8 (50.0-97.3) | <0.0001 | 77.1 (52.8-112.5) | <0.0001 | 16.8 (11.2-25.4) | <0.0001 | 51.3 (29.4-89.3) | <0.0001 |
 3-9 (n = 378) | 22.9 (16.3-32.3) |  | 27.7 (18.7-41.1) |  | 12.5 (8.0-19.6) |  | 18.7 (10.2-34.2) |  |
 1-2 (n = 299) | 11.5 (7.9-16.9) |  | 14.3 (9.2-22.3) |  | 5.2 (3.0-9.2) |  | 15.4 (8.0-29.8) |  |
 None (n = 1799) | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  |
Time from most recent arrest charge to date of restraining order c, years | ||||||||
 0-5 (n = 953) | 1.8 (1.2-2.5) | 0.0091 | 2.1(1.4-3.1) | 0.0002 | 1.5 (0.9-2.5) | 0.0967 | 1.5 (0.9-2.5) | 0.1360 |
 6+ (n = 220) | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  |
Order served | ||||||||
 Y (n = 1,677) | 1.2 (1.0-1.5) | 0.0881 | 1.2 (1.0-1.6) | 0.1213 | 1.6 (1.2-2.2) | 0.0018 | 1.2 (0.9-1.6) | 0.3123 |
 N (n = 1,295) | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  |
Linked to firearms | ||||||||
 Y (n = 525) | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) | 0.1069 | 0.8 (0.6-1.0) | 0.0802 | 0.7 (0.5-1.0) | 0.0609 | 0.9 (0.6-1.4) | 0.6634 |
 N (n = 2,447) | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  | Referent |  |
Follow-up time, per month | ||||||||
 | 1.0 (1.0-1.0) | <0.0001 | 1.0 (1.0-1.1) | <0.0001 | 1.0 (1.0-1.0) | 0.0039 | 1.0 (1.0-1.0) | <0.0001 |