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Table 2 Association of financial stressors and perpetration of threats of IPV, physical IPV, and IPV resulting in injury

From: Associations of financial stressors and physical intimate partner violence perpetration

 

Threats/Minor physical IPVa

Severe physical IPVb

IPV resulting in injuryc

 

Crude OR (95 % CI)

Adjusted OR (95 % CI)d

Crude OR (95 % CI)

Adjusted OR (95 % CI)d

Crude OR (95 % CI)

Adjusted OR (95 % CI)d

Continuous measure of number of stressors

 Number of financial stressorse

1.29 (1.22–1.36)

1.16 (1.09–1.23)

1.34 (1.26–1.44)

1.22 (1.14–1.30)

1.42 (1.30–1.54)

1.27 (1.16–1.38)

Individual stressors

 Utilities nonpaymentf

1.84 (1.53–2.23)

1.37 (1.13–1.65)

2.08 (1.67–2.60)

1.54 (1.23–1.92)

2.42 (1.75–3.35)

1.76 (1.28–2.43)

 Housing nonpaymentf

2.10 (1.69–2.61)

1.68 (1.33–2.12)

2.17 (1.74–2.71)

1.74 (1.38–2.20)

2.35 (1.64–3.36)

1.78 (1.21–2.59)

 Food insecurityf

2.24 (1.84–2.74)

1.56 (1.28–1.90)

2.36 (1.81–3.07)

1.64 (1.25–2.15)

3.61 (2.51–5.20)

2.47 (1.71–3.58)

 No phone servicef

2.10 (1.70–2.58)

1.48 (1.21–1.83)

2.78 (2.21–3.51)

2.04 (1.61–2.59)

3.22 (2.21–4.69)

2.19 (1.49–3.20)

 Utilities turned offf

1.68 (1.30–2.17)

1.26 (0.94–1.69)

1.75 (1.30–2.35)

1.35 (0.99–1.84)

2.05 (1.35–3.12)

1.49 (0.93–2.25)

 Evictedf

2.37 (1.46–3.85)

1.68 (0.98–2.88)

3.31 (1.88–5.82)

2.39 (1.35–4.23)

0.95 (0.30–3.04)

0.61 (0.19–2.02)

  1. aCompared to those who did not perpetrate threats/minor physical IPV
  2. bCompared to those who did not perpetrate severe physical IPV
  3. cCompared to those who did not perpetrate IPV resulting in injury
  4. dAdjusted for gender, race, perceived health, neuroticism, alcohol abuse or dependence, and drug abuse
  5. eModeled as continuous ranging from 0 to 6 forms of financial stressors
  6. fRef = No experience of this form of financial stressor