Table 1 Distribution of wave 3 participant characteristics at wave 3 and baseline (wave 1) by adolescent volunteering
Participant characteristics during wave-3 | Adolescent volunteering (weighted % or mean, and 95 % CI)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
None (N = 8003) | Self (N = 4695) | Adult required (N = 1238) | Court ordered (N = 317) | TOTAL (N = 14,322) | ||
Mean age | 22.5 (22.2, 22.7) | 22.2 (22.0, 22.5) | 21.9 (21.6, 22.2) | 22.1 (21.8, 22.5) | 22.4 (22.1, 22.6) | |
Male | 53.2 (51.7, 54.7) | 45.7 (43.7, 47.7) | 42.7 (38.7, 46.7) | 83.1 (77.7, 88.6) | 50.8 (49.6, 52.0) | |
Whiteb | 75.5 (70.4, 80.7) | 79.8 (75.3, 84.2) | 71.4 (64.4, 78.5) | 73.6 (65.0, 82.2) | 76.4 (71.6, 81.2) | |
African American | 18.0 (13.4, 22.6) | 13.8 (10.2, 17.4) | 19.0 (12.4, 25.6) | 18.2 (11.0, 25.4) | 16.8 (12.6, 20.9) | |
Native Americans | 2.7 (1.4, 3.9) | 2.3 (1.4, 3.2) | 2.7 (1.5, 3.9) | 3.5 (0.6, 6.4) | 2.6 (1.6, 3.6) | |
Asian | 3.8 (2.3, 5.4) | 4.2 (2.3, 6.0) | 6.8 (3.3, 10.4) | 4.7 (−0.1, 9.4) | 4.2 (2.5, 5.9) | |
Baseline characteristics (wave-1) | ||||||
Believed neighborhood was safe | 87.7 (86.0, 89.4) | 91.1 (89.4, 92.8) | 93.0 (91.0, 94.9) | 90.5 (86.6, 94.4) | 89.2 (87.8, 90.7) | |
Believed parents care | 94.5 (93.7, 95.3) | 97.1 (96.5, 97.7) | 97.6 (96.6, 98.6) | 95.4 (92.8, 97.9) | 95.6 (95.1, 96.1) | |
Believed friends care | 81.7 (80.3, 83.2) | 88.6 (87.1, 90.1) | 87.7 (84.9, 90.5) | 81.7 (74.1, 89.2) | 84.4 (83.2, 85.6) | |
Believed teachers care | 47.0 (44.8, 49.2) | 59.1 (56.3, 62.0) | 61.2 (56.8, 65.6) | 38.4 (30.6, 46.1) | 51.8 (49.8, 53.9) | |
Had a mentor figurec | 70.1 (67.7, 72.5) | 84.1 (82.6, 85.5) | 85.7 (83.0, 88.5) | 72.1 (66.2, 78.1) | 75.8 (74.0, 77.6) | |
Mean delinquency score | 4.4 (4.1, 4.6) | 3.5 (3.3, 3.7) | 3.7 (3.2, 4.1) | 7.1 (6.0, 8.1) | 4.1 (3.9, 4.3) | |
Religiosity | Non-religious | 17.2 (15.3, 19.1) | 10.4 (8.8, 12.0) | 7.4 (5.4, 9.5) | 16.1 (11.3, 20.8) | 14.3 (12.7, 15.8) |
Non-practicing | 13.6 (12.3, 14.8) | 8.6 (7.4, 9.8) | 6.1 (4.3, 7.9) | 17.5 (12.1, 22.9) | 11.5 (10.5, 12.5) | |
Very religious | 69.2 (66.8, 71.7) | 81.0 (79.0, 83.1) | 86.5 (83.3, 89.6) | 66.4 (59.9, 72.9) | 74.3 (72.2, 76.3) | |
Parent Education | Less than HS | 57.3 (54.4, 60.2) | 43.2 (39.6, 46.8) | 40.3 (35.6, 44.9) | 56.1 (48.0, 64.2) | 51.4 (48.5, 54.2) |
HS graduate | 28.5 (26.6, 30.4) | 29.6 (27.2, 32.0) | 28.7 (25.2, 32.1) | 25.3 (19.0, 31.5) | 28.9 (27.3, 30.5) | |
Some College | 9.6 (8.2, 10.6) | 15.7 (13.5, 17.9) | 17.9 (14.7, 21.0) | 10.4 (5.0, 15.9) | 12.1 (10.8, 13.3) | |
College grad | 4.8 (3.7, 5.9) | 11.5 (9.1, 13.9) | 13.2 (10.2, 16.7) | 8.2 (4.7, 11.6) | 7.7 (6.1, 9.2) | |
Parents engaged in civic services | 43.0 (40.6, 45.4) | 58.1 (54.9, 61.3) | 58.2 (53.4, 62.9) | 48.0 (40.0, 55.9) | 49.2 (46.7, 51.7) | |
Food stamp participants | 12.8 (10.5, 15.1) | 6.7 (5.1, 8.3) | 8.1 (5.3, 10.9) | 14.3 (8.2, 20.4) | 10.6 (8.6, 12.5) | |
Ever suspended from school | 32.0 (29.1, 34.9) | 18.7 (16.3, 21.1) | 16.2 (12.9, 19.4) | 53.1 (45.7, 60.4) | 27.0 (24.4, 29.6) | |
Ever expelled from school | 5.5 (4.5, 6.5) | 2.2 (1.5, 2.9) | 3.3 (1.4, 5.3) | 10.7 (6.3, 15.1) | 4.4 (3.5, 5.2) | |
Worked for pay | 57.6 (54.6, 60.6) | 63.0 (60.1, 66.0) | 54.3 (49.3, 59.4) | 65.3 (58.3, 72.3) | 59.2 (56.5, 61.9) | |
Received allowance | 43.7 (41.2, 46.3) | 48.4 (45.6, 51.1) | 51.6 (47.1, 56.1) | 48.3 (41.1, 55.5) | 45.9 (43.7, 48.2) | |