From: Risk markers for fatal and non-fatal prescription drug overdose: a meta-analysis
Risk marker definition | |||
---|---|---|---|
First author, Year | Psychiatric Disorder (PD) | Substance Use Disorder (SUD) | Rural/Urban |
Bohnert et al. 2011 a | Non-substance use psychiatric disorders | Any SUD including alcohol | N/A |
Bohnert et al. 2012 a | Bipolar I or II disorders, Any depressive disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia | Any SUD including alcohol | N/A |
Brady et al. 2015 | Depression diagnosis (ICD-10 codes 298, 311, 309.0, 309.1) | Drug dependence (ICD-10 code 304) | N/A |
CDC Non-illicit Drugs Utah 2005 | N/A | N/A | Davis, Weber and Salt Lake City and Utah counties were categorized as urban and the remaining counties were categories were categorized as rural |
CDC Urbanization, New Mexico, 2005 b | N/A | N/A | Definition 1: Counties in metropolitan areas are considered urban and the remaining counties of residence were categorized as rural Definition 2: Counties in metropolitan or micrpolitan areas are considered urban and the remaining counties of residence were categorized as rural |
Dilokthornsakul et al. 2016 | “Other psychiatric illness” (includes depression, bipolar/mixed mania, schizophrenia, anxiety/panic/obsessive compulsive, personality disorder, other psychosis; excludes drug/alcohol abuse) | Drug/alcohol abuse (ICD-9 codes 303.xx, 304.xx) | N/A |
Dunn et al. 2010 | Depression diagnosis | Substance abuse diagnosis two years prior to entry in the cohort | N/A |
Havens et al. 2011a | Major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or antisocial personality disorder | Ever in drug treatment | N/A |
Lanier et al. 2012 | N/A | N/A | The Utah Department of Health considers an urban county to have a population density exceeded 100 persons per sq. mile. Using this classification, only four counties in the state of Utah are considered “urban”: Salt Lake, Davis, Utah, and Weber. |
Piercefield et al. 2010 | N/A | N/A | County of residence was considered urban if the county population exceeded 500 persons per sq. mile of land area, with the remainder termed rural counties. Two counties: Oklahoma and Tulsa were categorized as “urban”. |
Seal et al. 2012 | Mental health diagnoses (ICD-CM-9 codes 290-319: including depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders, drug use disorders) and post-traumatic stress disorder | N/A | N/A |
Silva et al. 2013 | Care in a psychiatric hospital | Ever in drug treatment | N/A |
Turner and Liang 2015 | Depression diagnosis | “Other substance abuse” (excludes alcohol abuse) | N/A |
Whitmire and Adams 2010 | “Mental disorders” excluding drug dependence | Drug dependence | Rural/urban classification variable was created based on the North Carolina accountability regions. The ten counties that were a part of the accountability regions and used to define the “urban” classification are: Buncombe, Cumberland, Davidson, Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Mecklenburg, Onslow, and Wake counties. |
Zedler et al. 2014 | Depression diagnosis | Substance abuse and nonopioid substance dependence (excludes opioid dependence) | N/A |