Table 2 Risk of facial injury among victims with head impact
From: Does a full-face helmet effectively protect against facial injuries?
Cases | Controls | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
%w of victims with facial injury (Nobs = 37) | %w of victims without head injury (Nobs = 325) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
Type of helmet | p < 0.001 | p = 0.020 | ||
Not full-face | 56.0 | 19.3 | Reference | Reference |
Full-face | 44.0 | 80.7 | 0.19 (0.08–0.44) | 0.31 (0.11–0.83) |
Object hit by the head | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||
Ground/road | 23.1 | 75.6 | Reference | Reference |
Vehicle | 46.4 | 14.4 | 10.5 (3.49–31.65) | 7.66 (2.38–24.65) |
Fixed object | 8.2 | 2.8 | 9.55 (1.95–46.85) | 9.27 (2.14–40.07) |
Unknown | 22.3 | 7.2 | 10.1 (2.88–35.35) | 7.29 (1.89–28.20) |
Gender | p = 0.889 | |||
Male | 90.3 | 91.1 | Reference | |
Female | 9.7 | 8.9 | 1.10 (0.30–3.99) | |
Age | p = 0.720 | |||
14–24 | 42.2 | 49.2 | 0.72 (0.29–1.76) | |
25–49 | 49.7 | 41.5 | Reference | |
50+ | 8.1 | 9.3 | 0.73 (0.24–2.24) | |
Alcohol consumption | p = 0.366 | |||
No | 95.6 | 98.0 | Reference | |
Yes | 4.4 | 2.0 | 2.31 (0.37–14.33) | |
MTW category (cylinder capacity) | p = 0.505 | |||
Moped (< 50 cm3) | 32.4 | 38.0 | Reference | |
Light motorcycle (50–125 cm3) | 23.0 | 14.4 | 1.88 (0.58–6.14) | |
Heavy motorcycle (> 125 cm3) | 44.6 | 47.6 | 1.10 (0.41–2.98) | |
Type of accident | p = 0.496 | |||
Only MTW | 26.7 | 33.2 | Reference | |
Other | 73.3 | 66.8 | 1.37 (0.55–3.37) | |
Driving speed of MTW | Mean of driving speed (km/h) | p = 0.729 | ||
47.7 | 49.0 | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | ||