Cellphone laws and teens’ calling while driving: analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys in 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019

Table 2 Associations between cellphone laws and calling while driving (CWD)^a

Variables	CWD ^b (95%CI)	Prevalence Ratios (95%CI)
Variables	CWD ^b (95%CI)	Crude	Adjusted^c
Overall	53 (51, 55)
Cellphone laws
No ban	57 (55, 60)	Reference	Reference
Young driver ban	54 (51, 57)	0.94 (0.87, 1.00)	1.05 (1.00, 1.10)
Concurrent bans^d	44 (41, 47)	0.76 (0.71, 0.83)	0.81 (0.76, 0.86)
Age (Years)
15	29 (23, 34)	0.72 (0.59, 0.88)	0.65 (0.56, 0.75)
16	40 (38, 42)	Reference	Reference
17	57 (54, 60)	1.42 (1.32, 1.52)	1.54 (1.47, 1.60)
≥ 18	63 (59, 67)	1.57 (1.46, 1.70)	1.68 (1.61, 1.77)
Sex
Female	52 (50, 55)	Reference	Reference
Male	53 (51, 55)	1.02 (0.96, 1.07)	1.01 (0.97, 1.04)
Race
White	60 (58, 62)	Reference	Reference
Black or African American	42 (37, 47)	0.70 (0.63, 0.77)	0.67 (0.61, 0.74)
Hispanic/Latino	45 (41, 49)	0.75 (0.70, 0.81)	0.77 (0.72, 0.82)
Other^e	43 (38, 48)	0.71 (0.64, 0.79)	0.74 (0.69, 0.80)
Percent of students in rural areas		1.01 (1.01, 1.01)	1.01 (1.01, 1.01)
Year
2013	57 (54, 59)	Reference	Reference
2015	54 (52, 57)	0.93 (0.88, 0.97)	0.93 (0.88, 0.97)
2017	50 (47, 54)	0.94 (0.89, 1.01)	0.94 (0.89, 1.01)
2019	44 (43, 46)	0.95 (0.90, 1.01)	0.95 (0.90, 1.01)

CI Confidence Interval;
^aData were from state Youth Risk Behavior Surveys in 14 states (2013, 2015, 2017 and 2019), the United States.
^bWeighted percentage of calling while driving (CWD): Percentage of students that reported talking on a phone while driving at least once during the 30 days before the survey (among students who drove).
^cModel adjusted for cellphone laws, age, sex, race, percent of students in rural area, and survey year.
^dConcurrent bans: both a handheld calling ban and a young driver ban.
^eOther included: American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Multiple- Non-Hispanic/Latino

ISSN: 2197-1714