|
Covariate
|
Category
|
Black
|
White
|
p - value
|
|---|
|
Motor GCS score
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
6
|
976 (42%)
|
3891 (54%)
| |
| |
5
|
219 (9%)
|
537 (7%)
| |
| |
4
|
166 (7%)
|
362 (5%)
| |
| |
3
|
56 (2%)
|
154 (2%)
| |
| |
2
|
51 (2%)
|
103 (1%)
| |
| |
1
|
579 (25%)
|
1233 (17%)
| |
| |
missing
|
273 (12%)
|
993 (14%)
| |
|
Head AIS score
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
4
|
1301 (56%)
|
4416 (61%)
| |
| |
5
|
989 (43%)
|
2830 (39%)
| |
| |
6
|
27 (0%)
|
30 (1%)
| |
|
ISS score
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
1 to 17
|
657 (28%)
|
2429 (33%)
| |
| |
18 to 29
|
1062 (46%)
|
3176 (44%)
| |
| |
> 29
|
601 (26%)
|
1668 (23%)
| |
|
Number of diagnoses
| | | |
0.0506
|
| |
1 to 4
|
808 (35%)
|
2658 (37%)
| |
| |
5 to 14
|
994 (43%)
|
2908 (40%)
| |
| |
> 14
|
518 (22%)
|
1707 (24%)
| |
|
Systolic blood pressure in ED
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
low
|
166 (7%)
|
289 (4%)
| |
| |
normal
|
1887 (81%)
|
6295 (87%)
| |
| |
high
|
132 (6%)
|
298 (4%)
| |
| |
missing
|
135 (6%)
|
391 (5%)
| |
|
EMS minutes
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
< 40
|
674 (29%)
|
778 (11%)
| |
| |
40 to 127
|
574 (25%)
|
2626 (36%)
| |
| |
> 128
|
266 (11%)
|
1254 (17%)
| |
| |
missing
|
806 (35%)
|
2615 (36%)
| |
|
ED disposition
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
dead
|
84 (4%)
|
128 (2%)
| |
| |
ICU, OR
|
1840 (79%)
|
5675 (78%)
| |
| |
other admission
|
320(14%)
|
1152 (16%)
| |
| |
missing
|
76 (3%)
|
318 (4%)
| |
|
Penetrating injury
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
no
|
243 (10%)
|
227 (3%)
| |
| |
yes
|
2077 (90%)
|
7046 (97%)
| |
|
Protective devices
| | | |
0.0002
|
| |
none
|
1894 (82%)
|
5671 (78%)
| |
| |
some
|
426 (18%)
|
1602 (22%)
| |
|
insurance
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
commercial
|
663 (29%)
|
4101 (56%)
| |
| |
non-commercial
|
1611 (69%)
|
3052 (42%)
| |
| |
missing
|
46 (2%)
|
120 (2%)
| |
|
Age group
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
infant
|
505(22%)
|
1313 (18%)
| |
| |
toddler
|
228 (10%)
|
633 (9%)
| |
| |
child
|
694 (30%)
|
2305 (32%)
| |
| |
teen
|
717 (31%)
|
2618 (36%)
| |
| |
missing
|
176 (8%)
|
404 (6%)
| |
|
Hospital bed size
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
< 200
|
157 (7%)
|
533 (7%)
| |
| |
201–400
|
806 (35%)
|
2319 (32%)
| |
| |
401–600
|
512 (22%)
|
2164 (30%)
| |
| |
> 600
|
845 (36%)
|
2257 (31%)
| |
|
Teaching status
| | | |
< 0.0001
|
| |
university
|
1800 (78%)
|
5156 (71%)
| |
| |
community
|
443 (19%)
|
1756 (24%)
| |
| |
non-teaching
|
64 (3%)
|
293 (4%)
| |
| |
missing
|
68 (1%)
|
13 (1%)
| |
|
Self-transportation
| | | |
0.0004
|
| |
no
|
1875 (81%)
|
5624 (77%)
| |
| |
yes
|
445 (19%)
|
1649 (23%)
| |
- AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale, ED emergency department, EMS emergency medical services, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, ICU intensive care unit, ISS injury severity scale, OR operating room
