Table 2 Panel Models of Violent Injury Incidence per 1000, 2010–2014

LFO per Capita

0.0005 (−0.009|0.010)

Confinement Load

0.085 (−0.002|0.172)

Probation Load

0.044 (0.019|0.069)

Percent Hispanic

−0.201 (− 0.452|0.049)

−0.200 (− 0.447|0.048)

−0.154 (− 0.400|0.091)

Percent Black

− 0.744 (−1.026|-0.461)

−0.722 (−1.004|-0.441)

−0.710 (− 0.988|-0.432)

Percent Other

− 0.069 (− 0.233|0.096)

−0.067 (− 0.230|0.096)

−0.074 (− 0.235|0.088)

Percent Native American

−1.739 (−2.002|-1.477)

−1.737 (− 1.996|-1.478)

−1.611 (− 1.878|-1.345)

Percent Biracial

−0.596 (− 0.816|-0.375)

−0.577 (− 0.796|-0.359)

−0.538 (− 0.755|-0.320)

Percent Asian

0.003 (− 0.308|0.313)

0.005 (− 0.303|0.314)

0.059 (− 0.248|0.365)

Percent HPI

−0.803 (− 1.589|-0.016)

−0.795 (− 1.577|-0.013)

−0.824 (− 1.596|-0.052)

Marriage Rate

− 0.151 (− 0.291|-0.012)

−0.159 (− 0.298|-0.020)

−0.159 (− 0.296|-0.022)

Median Age

− 0.026 (− 0.189|0.137)

−0.035 (− 0.196|0.127)

−0.029 (− 0.188|0.130)

Percent SSI/SNAP

− 0.177 (− 0.300|-0.053)

−0.169 (− 0.292|-0.046)

−0.174 (− 0.295|-0.053)

Percent Bachelor’s Degree

−0.117 (− 0.260|0.025)

−0.110 (− 0.250|0.030)

−0.079 (− 0.219|0.061)

Percent Male

0.106 (− 0.143|0.356)

0.098 (− 0.151|0.346)

0.108 (− 0.137|0.353)

Percent No Work

0.041 (− 0.055|0.137)

0.037 (− 0.058|0.133)

0.045 (− 0.050|0.139)

County FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Year FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

435

435

435

R²

0.379

0.385

0.400