Table 4 Multi-variable models identifying predictors of distress at 12 months and 24 months post-injury
Distress at 12 Months (n = 2094) | Distress at 24 Months (n = 2085) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RR | 95% CI for RR | P value | RR | 95% CI for RR | P value | |
Pre-Injury Characteristics | ||||||
Age (Years) | ||||||
10–44 | Ref | |||||
45–65 | 1.27 | 1.05, 1.53 | 0.02 | |||
Ethnicity | ||||||
European | Ref | Ref | ||||
Māori | 1.70 | 1.35, 2.13 | 1.34 | 1.06, 1.70 | ||
Pacific | 1.64 | 1.15, 2.34 | 1.84 | 1.32, 2.57 | ||
Asian | 1.05 | 0.71, 1.57 | 1.92 | 1.42, 2.60 | ||
Other | 1.14 | 0.83, 1.57 | < 0.01 | 1.21 | 0.89, 1.63 | < 0.01 |
Income Adequacy | ||||||
Adequate | Ref | Ref | ||||
Inadequate | 1.59 | 1.30, 1.95 | < 0.01 | 1.62 | 1.34, 1.96 | < 0.01 |
Mental Health Conditions | ||||||
0 | Ref | Ref | ||||
1 | 1.72 | 1.33, 2.23 | 1.59 | 1.20, 2.11 | ||
2+ | 1.49 | 1.10, 2.00 | < 0.01 | 1.73 | 1.30, 2.30 | < 0.01 |
General Health | ||||||
Excellent/Very good | Ref | Ref | ||||
Good | 1.33 | 1.08, 1.65 | 1.27 | 1.03, 1.56 | ||
Fair/poor | 1.67 | 1.24, 2.24 | < 0.01 | 1.65 | 1.21, 2.23 | < 0.01 |
Injury-Related Characteristics | ||||||
Injury Severity (NISS) | ||||||
1–3 (Least severe) | Ref | |||||
4–6 (Severe) | 0.78 | 0.64, 0.96 | ||||
7+ (Most Severe) | 1.06 | 0.79, 1.43 | 0.03 | |||
Cause of Injury | ||||||
Unintentional | Ref | |||||
Intentional (Assault) | 1.55 | 1.09, 2.21 | 0.02 | |||
Health Service Characteristics | ||||||
Access to Health Services | ||||||
No Trouble | Ref | Ref | ||||
Trouble/Mixed | 1.40 | 1.09, 1.81 | 0.01 | 1.42 | 1.10, 1.83 | 0.01 |
Early Post-Injury Characteristics | ||||||
Distress at 3 Months (K6 ≥ 8) | ||||||
Not Distressed | Ref | Ref | ||||
Distressed | 3.47 | 2.80, 4.29 | < 0.01 | 3.14 | 2.57, 3.83 | < 0.01 |