Cases (n = 250) Mean (SD) | Controls (n = 250) Mean (SD) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Zip code level | |||
Income | |||
Median household income (USD) | 46,342.39 (11,415.10) | 63,917.91 (19,786.93) | < 0.0001 |
Income inequality | |||
Gini coefficient | 0.45 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.05) | < 0.0001 |
Population size | 50,197.1 (18,438.84) | 45,780.38 (15,963.55) | 0.0045 |
Age group | |||
% 15–24 | 15.07 (4.95) | 14.52 (5.18) | 0.2301 |
% 25–34 | 15.70 (2.77) | 14.94 (2.60) | 0.0016 |
Race ethnicity | |||
% Black | 28.43 (24.71) | 25.94 (24.23) | 0.2554 |
% Asian | 4.47 (5.40) | 4.94 (5.01) | 0.3181 |
% Hispanic | 30.26 (26.43) | 28.95 (24.66) | 0.5685 |
% Male | 48.57 (2.17) | 48.62 (1.78) | 0.7881 |
% Unemployed | 4.20 (1.28) | 3.79 (1.18) | < 0.0001 |
Land use | |||
% Land area that is retail | 2.03 (3.24) | 4.82 (6.80) | < 0.0001 |
% Land area that is industrial | 2.53 (4.57) | 13.98 (52.00) | 0.0006 |
% Land area that is greenspace | 10.75 (14.71) | 49.88 (70.82) | < 0.0001 |
Population density (per km2) | 3424.29 (5440.35) | 3400.32 (6592.38) | 0.9647 |
Walk Score | 42.31 (29.58) | 35.34 (30.78) | 0.0101 |
State level | |||
Income | |||
Median household income | 60,182.41 (9297.23) | 65,172.5 (8350.00) | < 0.0001 |
Income inequality | |||
Gini coefficient | 0.47 (0.02) | 0.48 (0.02) | < 0.0001 |
Race ethnicity | |||
% Black | 13.30 (8.86) | 14.82 (8.57) | 0.0512 |
% Asian | 6.00 (4.23) | 8.13 (4.01) | < 0.0001 |
% Hispanic | 18.13 (12.60) | 20.64 (12.06) | 0.0233 |
% Male | 49.18 (0.57) | 49.03 (0.51) | 0.0014 |