Size matters: How safety climate and downstream outcomes vary by fire department organization type

Table 4 Linear regression models examining the relationship between safety climate scores and safety behaviors/organizational outcomes

	Management Commitment to safety
	Career department^b					Combination department^c					Volunteer department^d
	n = 62					n = 33					n = 23
	B	Standard error	95% CI	β	p value	B	Standard error	95% CI	β	p value	B	Standard error	95% CI	β	p value
Safety behavior
Safety compliance	0.41	0.09	(0.23, 0.59)	0.53	< 0.001	0.24	0.13	(− 0.02, 0.50)	0.44	0.07	0.47	0.30	(− 0.18, 1.13)	0.40	0.14
Organizational outcomes
Burnout on EMS Runs	− 0.23	0.07	(− 0.36, − 0.09)	− 0.40	< 0.01	− 0.22	0.11	(− 0.45, − 0.001)	− 0.43	0.05	− 0.26	0.36	(− 1.04, 0.52)	− 0.24	0.49
Burnout on fire runs	− 0.15	0.05	(− 0.25, − 0.05)	− 0.37	< 0.01	− 0.22	0.09	(− 0.41, − 0.03)	− 0.58	0.03	− 0.10	0.16	(− 0.44, 0.25)	− 0.14	0.55
Engagement on EMS runs	0.14	0.07	(− 0.002, 0.29)	0.26	0.05	0.37	0.13	(0.09, 0.64)	0.56	0.01	0.05	0.55	(− 1.15, 1.26)	0.03	0.93
Engagement on fire runs	0.12	0.06	(0.004, 0.25)	0.28	0.04	0.25	0.09	(0.07, 0.43)	0.63	0.01	0.28	0.26	(− 0.30, 0.85)	0.27	0.32
Job satisfaction	0.56	0.08	(0.41, 0.72)	0.71	< 0.001	0.63	0.11	(0.39, 0.87)	0.90	< 0.001	0.60	0.18	(0.21, 0.99)	0.69	0.01

	Supervisor Support for safety
	Career department^b					Combination Department^c					Volunteer department^d
	n = 62					n = 33					n = 23
	B	Standard error	95% CI	β	p value	B	Standard error	95% CI	β	p value	B	Standard error	95% CI	β	p value
Safety behavior
Safety compliance	0.64	0.20	(0.23, 1.04)	0.40	< 0.01	0.58	0.13	(0.30, 0.85)	0.62	< 0.01	0.80	0.26	(0.24, 1.36)	0.62	0.01
Organizational outcomes
Burnout on EMS runs	− 0.47	0.14	(− 0.75, − 0.20)	− 0.42	< 0.01	− 0.45	0.12	(− 0.70, − 0.20)	− 0.51	< 0.01	− 0.05	0.38	(− 0.89, 0.78)	− 0.04	0.90
Burnout on fire runs	− 0.37	0.10	(− 0.57, − 0.18)	− 0.47	< 0.01	− 0.32	0.12	(− 0.57, − 0.08)	− 0.49	0.01	− 0.12	0.16	(− 0.48, 0.23)	− 0.17	0.47
Engagement on EMS runs	0.38	0.15	(0.08, 0.67)	0.35	0.01	0.74	0.13	(0.48, 1.01)	0.67	< 0.001	− 0.11	0.58	(− 1.37, 1.15)	− 0.05	0.85
Engagement on fire runs	0.49	0.11	(0.27, 0.71)	0.54	< 0.001	0.47	0.09	(0.28, 0.65)	0.69	< 0.001	0.38	0.27	(− 0.21, 0.96)	0.34	0.19
Job satisfaction	1.06	0.17	(0.71, 1.40)	0.66	< 0.001	0.87	0.14	(0.59, 1.16)	0.73	< 0.001	0.81	0.11	(0.57, 1.06)	0.86	< 0.001

n's do not add up to 125 due to missing values (n = 7) for adjusted covariates
Bolded values are statistically significant at an alpha level of 0.05
^aAdjusted for roster size (10–29, 30–50, 51–101, 102–2303), annual call volume (75–821, 822–3288, 3289–9080, 9081–451,069), population served (590–9999, 10,000–26,999, 27,000–80,000, 80,000–2,500,000)
^bAdjusted for roster size (11–44, 45–80, 81–151, 152–2303), annual call volume (1150–3199, 3200–7379, 7380–14,499, 15,000–451,069), and population served (1000–24,999, 25,000–57,030, 57,031–129,999, 130,000–2,500,000)
^cAdjusted for roster size (10–24, 25–40, 41–63, 64–361), annual call volume (240–856, 857–2495, 2496–5605, 5606–40,847), and population served (1400–8099, 81,000–20,499, 20,500–35,999, 36,000–452,000)
^dAdjusted for roster size (16–23, 24–29, 30–41, 42–78), annual call volume (75–119, 120–273, 274–594, 595–896), and population served (590–2167, 2468–4999, 5000–14,999, 15,000–27,000)

ISSN: 2197-1714