From: Poisoning-related emergency department visits in children with autism spectrum disorder
Characteristic | Number of ED visits | Number of ED visits for poisoning (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted* OR (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||||
1–4 | 6,086,931 | 71,649 (1.18) | 2.15 (2.12, 2.18) | < 0.0001 | 2.26 (2.22, 2.29) | < 0.0001 |
5–9 | 4,422,848 | 24,328 (0.55) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
10–14 | 3,873,816 | 41,134 (1.06) | 1.94 (1.91, 1.97) | 1.84 (1.81, 1.87) | ||
15–20 | 6,949,166 | 126,838 (1.83) | 3.36 (3.31, 3.41) | 3.19 (3.14, 3.23) | ||
Sex | ||||||
Male | 10,372,158 | 112,978 (1.09) | 1.00 | < 0.0001 | 1.00 | < 0.0001 |
Female | 10,959,617 | 150,948 (1.38) | 1.27 (1.26, 1.28) | 1.22 (1.21, 1.23) | ||
Region | ||||||
Northeast | 3,588,113 | 39,788 (1.11) | 1.00 | < 0.0001 | 1.00 | < 0.0001 |
Midwest | 4,827,000 | 64,083 (1.33) | 1.20 (1.19, 1.22) | 1.24 (1.22, 1.25) | ||
South | 8,731,769 | 100,417 (1.15) | 1.04 (1.03, 1.05) | 1.11 (1.10, 1.13) | ||
West | 4,185,879 | 59,661 (1.43) | 1.29 (1.27, 1.31) | 1.37 (1.35, 1.39) | ||
Urbanicity | ||||||
Rural | 2,909,453 | 34,669 (1.19) | 1.00 | < 0.0001 | 1.00 | < 0.0001 |
Urban | 18,423,308 | 229,280 (1.24) | 1.05 (1.03, 1.06) | 1.05 (1.04, 1.07) | ||
Payor | ||||||
Medicare | 100,106 | 1225 (1.22) | 1.13 (1.06, 1.19) | < 0.0001 | 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) | |
Medicaid | 12,318,930 | 134,050 (1.09) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Private Insurance | 6,447,546 | 99,925 (1.55) | 1.43 (1.42, 1.44) | 1.36 (1.35, 1.37) | ||
Self-pay | 1,723,958 | 18,837 (1.09) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.92 (0.90, 0.93) | ||
Other | 714,981 | 9456 (1.32) | 1.22 (1.19, 1.24) | 1.13 (1.11, 1.15) | ||
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder | ||||||
Negative | 21,010,983 | 251,424 (1.20) | 1.00 | < 0.0001 | 1.00 | < 0.0001 |
Positive | 321,778 | 12,525 (3.89) | 3.35 (3.28, 3.41) | 3.39 (3.32, 3.45) | ||
Intellectual disability | ||||||
Negative | 21,313,181 | 263,222 (1.24) | 1.00 | < 0.0001 | 1.00 | < 0.0001 |
Positive | 19,580 | 727 (3.71) | 3.08 (2.86, 3.32) | 1.76 (1.63, 1.89) | ||
Autism spectrum disorder | ||||||
Negative | 21,210,169 | 261,136 (1.23) | 1.00 | < 0.0001 | 1.00 | < 0.0001 |
Positive | 122,592 | 2813 (2.29) | 1.89 (1.82, 1.96) | 1.59 (1.53, 1.65) |