Associations between traumatic event experiences, psychiatric disorders, and suicidal behavior in the general population of Afghanistan: findings from Afghan National Mental Health Survey

Sabawoon, Ajmal; Keyes, Katherine M.; Karam, Elie; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane

doi:10.1186/s40621-022-00403-8

Injury Epidemiology

Table 2 Association between traumatic event exposure and psychiatric disorders in the Afghan general population in 2017

From: Associations between traumatic event experiences, psychiatric disorders, and suicidal behavior in the general population of Afghanistan: findings from Afghan National Mental Health Survey

Variables	Wish for death			Lifetime suicidal ideation			Lifetime suicidal plan			Lifetime suicidal attempt			Last 12-months suicidal ideation
Variables	n	% row	P-value	n	% row	P-value	n	% row	P-value	n	% row	P-value	n	% row	P-value
I. Traumatic events
Collective violence (total)
No	1767	15.51	< 0.001	1762	5.16	< 0.001	1760	2.78	< 0.001	1762	2.16	< 0.001	1761	1.53	0.002
Yes	2597	22.14	< 0.001	2600	9.19	< 0.001	2593	5.17	< 0.001	2596	4.62	< 0.001	2599	2.96	0.002
Collective violence (experienced)
No	3166	17.56	< 0.001	3165	6.26	< 0.001	3160	3.48	< 0.001	3163	3.04	0.001	3164	1.99	0.007
Yes	1185	24.47	< 0.001	1184	11.06	< 0.001	1180	6.10	< 0.001	1182	5.16	0.001	1183	3.38	0.007
Collective violence (witnessed)
No	2033	16.58	< 0.001	2031	5.86	< 0.001	2028	3.11	0.001	2031	2.46	< 0.001	2029	1.68	0.004
Yes	2326	21.93	< 0.001	2326	9.03	< 0.001	2320	5.13	0.001	2322	4.61	< 0.001	2326	3.01	0.004
Caused/witnessed harm (total)
No	3744	17.44	< 0.001	3745	6.46	< 0.001	3736	3.4	< 0.001	3742	2.83	< 0.001	3743	1.87	< 0.001
Yes	614	31.43	< 0.001	612	14.54	< 0.001	612	9.31	< 0.001	611	8.67	< 0.001	612	5.72	< 0.001
Caused/witnessed harm (experienced)
No	4330	19.19	0.002	4328	7.39	< 0.001	4319	4.12	< 0.001	4325	3.58	0.05*	4326	2.36	0.07*
Yes	38	39.47	0.002	39	28.21	< 0.001	39	15.38	< 0.001	38	10.53	0.05*	39	7.69	0.07*
Caused/witnessed harm (witnessed)
No	3765	17.58	< 0.001	3766	6.59	< 0.001	3757	3.49	< 0.001	3762	2.87	< 0.001	3764	1.91	< 0.001
Yes	593	31.03	< 0.001	591	14.04	< 0.001	591	8.97	< 0.001	591	8.63	< 0.001	591	5.58	< 0.001
Inter-personal violence (total)
No	2554	16.33	< 0.001	2555	4.93	< 0.001	2550	2.08	< 0.001	2555	1.80	< 0.001	2554	1.06	< 0.001
Yes	1809	23.66	< 0.001	1806	11.30	< 0.001	1802	7.21	< 0.001	1802	6.22	< 0.001	1805	4.32	< 0.001
Inter-personal violence (experienced)
No	3292	17.13	< 0.001	3295	5.13	< 0.001	3290	2.43	< 0.001	3294	2.13	< 0.001	3294	1.34	< 0.001
Yes	1071	26.24	< 0.001	1066	15.10	< 0.001	1062	9.7	< 0.001	1063	8.28	< 0.001	1065	5.73	< 0.001
Inter-personal violence (witnessed)
No	2981	18.82	0.178	2978	7.02	0.044	2972	3.87	0.106	2978	3.29	0.082	2976	2.28	0.434
Yes	1382	20.55	0.178	1383	8.75	0.044	1380	4.93	0.106	1379	4.35	0.082	1383	2.68	0.434
Sexual violence (total)
No	4112	18.14	< 0.001	4111	6.76	< 0.001	4104	3.61	< 0.001	4107	3.04	< 0.001	4109	1.92	< 0.001
Yes	203	48.77	< 0.001	202	25.25	< 0.001	200	17.5	< 0.001	202	16.34	< 0.001	202	12.38	< 0.001
Sexual violence (experienced)
No	4218	18.82	< 0.001	4217	7.04	< 0.001	4210	3.87	< 0.001	4213	3.30	< 0.001	4,215	2.14	< 0.001
Yes	97	52.58	< 0.001	96	33.33	< 0.001	94	21.28	< 0.001	96	19.79	< 0.001	96	14.58	< 0.001
Sexual violence (witnessed)
No	4185	18.71	< 0.001	4183	7.22	< 0.001	4174	3.88	< 0.001	4179	3.3	< 0.001	4181	2.15	< 0.001
Yes	129	48.06	< 0.001	129	20.93	< 0.001	129	16.28	< 0.001	194	15.5	< 0.001	129	10.85	< 0.001
Accidental injury (total)
No	958	11.8	< 0.001	958	4.8	< 0.001	958	2.40	0.001	958	1.88	0.001	958	1.77	0.148
Yes	3409	21.56	< 0.001	3407	8.34	< 0.001	3398	4.74	0.001	3403	4.14	0.001	3405	2.58	0.148
Accidental injury (experienced)
No	2183	14.38	< 0.001	2181	5.50	< 0.001	2181	3.07	< 0.001	2181	2.48	< 0.001	2181	1.7	0.002
Yes	2165	24.43	< 0.001	2165	9.70	< 0.001	2156	5.43	< 0.001	2161	4.86	< 0.001	2163	3.14	0.002
Accidental injury (witnessed)
No	1401	15.77	< 0.001	1407	6.25	0.025	1406	3.41	0.071	1407	3.13	0.202	1406	2.2	0.540
Yes	2958	21.06	< 0.001	2950	8.17	0.025	2942	4.59	0.071	2946	3.9	0.202	2949	2.51	0.540
II. Common mental health disorders
Depression (f32cor)
No	3780	14.44	< 0.001	3779	4.9	< 0.001	3774	2.49	< 0.001	3775	2.04	< 0.001	3778	1.14	< 0.001
Yes	537	52.14	< 0.001	536	26.31	< 0.001	533	16.7	< 0.001	536	14.93	< 0.001	535	11.4	< 0.001
General anxiety disorder (f41cor)
No	4213	17.87	< 0.001	4212	6.43	< 0.001	4203	3.43	< 0.001	4208	2.95	< 0.001	4210	1.83	< 0.001
Yes	159	56.6	< 0.001	158	36.08	< 0.001	158	24.05	< 0.001	158	20.89	< 0.001	158	17.09	< 0.001
PTSD
No	4122	17.30	< 0.001	4118	6.14	< 0.001	4113	3.33	< 0.001	4114	2.80	< 0.001	4116	1.70	< 0.001
Yes	262	52.29	< 0.001	264	29.55	< 0.001	260	18.08	< 0.001	264	16.67	< 0.001	264	13.26	< 0.001
Lifetime psychotic idea
No	2,868	14.33	< 0.001	2876	4.31	< 0.001	2872	1.88	< 0.001	2873	1.43	< 0.001	2876	0.90	< 0.001
Yes	1111	32.31	< 0.001	1112	14.75	< 0.001	1109	9.65	< 0.001	1111	8.64	< 0.001	1110	6.31	< 0.001
Smoking risk
No or low risk	3449	18.7	< 0.001	3447	6.9	0.002	3441	3.81	< 0.001	3445	3.48	0.001	3446	2.15	< 0.001
Moderate risk	827	20.31		828	9.42		825	4.85		826	3.39		827	2.42
High risk	107	34.58		106	14.15		106	12.26		106	10.38		106	10.38
Sedative use
No or low risk	4048	18.08	< 0.001	4043	6.51	< 0.001	4036	3.59	< 0.001	4040	3.09	< 0.001	4042	2.00	< 0.001
Moderate risk	262	31.30		265	15.09		263	7.98		264	6.44		265	4.15
High risk	70	50.00		70	40.00		70	25.71		70	24.29		69	18.84
Any addiction
No or low risk	3189	17.53	< 0.001	3186	6.12	< 0.001	3181	3.33	< 0.001	3185	3.01	< 0.001	3186	1.88	< 0.001
Moderate risk	1001	21.68		1004	9.06		1000	4.60		1001	3.4		1003	2.09
High risk	194	38.14		192	23.44		192	16.67		192	15.1		191	12.57

*Fishers exact test

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ISSN: 2197-1714

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