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Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of trauma hospitalizations captured in the North Carolina Trauma Registry between 2019 and 2020, stratified by year

From: Effect of Stay-at-Home orders and other COVID-related policies on trauma hospitalization rates and disparities in the USA: a statewide time-series analysis

 

2019

2020

SDa

N

(%)

N

(%)

Total, N

35,616

 

34,862

 

Age, years, med (IQR)

54

(28, 74)

53

(29, 74)

0.01

Age group, n (%)

     

 0–17

3,898

(10.9)

3,468

(9.9)

0.03

 18–44

10,659

(29.9)

11,061

(31.7)

0.04

 45–64

7,618

(21.4)

7,413

(21.3)

0.00

 ≥ 65

13,441

(37.7)

12,920

(37.1)

0.01

Male, n (%)

20,474

(57.5)

20,569

(59.0)

0.03

Race/ethnicity, n (%)

     

 American Indian

234

(0.7)

279

(0.8)

0.02

 Asian

332

(0.9)

264

(0.8)

0.02

 Black/African American

7,516

(21.3)

7,888

(22.9)

0.04

 Hispanic/Latino

2,005

(5.7)

2,062

(6.0)

0.01

 White

24,497

(69.6)

23,352

(67.7)

0.04

 Otherb

526

(1.5)

522

(1.5)

0.00

 Multiracial

94

(0.3)

108

(0.3)

0.00

 Missing

412

 

387

 

Primary payer, n (%)

     

 Any private insurance

10,862

(30.5)

9,954

(28.6)

0.04

 Medicare/Medicaid only

16,010

(45.0)

15,785

(45.4)

0.01

 Self-pay

5,629

(15.8)

5,981

(17.2)

0.04

 Otherc

3,061

(8.6)

3,066

(8.8)

0.01

Transferred to center, n (%)

10,578

(31.2)

9,323

(29.7)

0.03

ISS, med (IQR)

9

(4, 11)

9

(4, 13)

0.03

Mechanism, n (%)

     

 Assault

3,253

(9.3)

3,565

(10.4)

0.04

 Self-inflicted

434

(1.2)

413

(1.2)

0.00

 Unintentional

31,223

(89.4)

30,168

(88.4)

0.03

  MVCd

10,116

(29.0)

9,817

(28.8)

0.01

  Non-MVC

21,107

(60.5)

20,351

(59.6)

0.02

 Undetermined

706

 

716

 

ED LOS, hours, med (IQR)

4.5

(2.8, 6.8)

4.6

(2.8, 7.2)

0.09

LOS, days, med (IQR)

3

(1, 6)

3

(1, 6)

0.03

ICU LOSe, days, med (IQR)

2

(1, 4)

2

(0, 4)

0.01

Discharge disposition, n (%)

     

 Routine/home

22,902

(65.6)

23,324

(68.7)

0.06

 Long-term caref

8,865

(25.4)

7,488

(22.0)

0.00

 Transferredg

1,878

(5.4)

1,815

(5.3)

0.08

 Died

1,260

(3.6)

1,345

(4.0)

0.02

 Missingh

711

 

890

 

COVID-19 infection, n (%)

     

 Confirmed

N/A

 

354

(1.0)

 Suspected

N/A

 

5,543

(15.9)

  1. SD, standardized difference; med, median; IQR, interquartile range; ISS, injury severity score; MVC, motor-vehicle collisions; ED, emergency department; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit
  2. aAbsolute standardized difference (SD) comparing demographics and clinical characteristics between 2019 and 2020; an SD > 0.20 was considered meaningfully different
  3. bOther race includes Other race and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander; race was collapsed due to small cell sizes
  4. cOther insurance types include worker’s compensation, other government insurance, Champus, and not billed
  5. dInclude all MVC-related (e.g., MVC-bicyclist, MVC-pedestrian), motorcyclist, and other transport accidents
  6. eAmong those admitted to ICU (n = 20,827)
  7. fLong-term care includes: hospice, long-term care facility, nursing home, rehabilitation facility, skilled nursing facility (SNF)
  8. gTransfers to: acute care facilities, burn center, mental health facility, other trauma center, and transferred (unspecified)
  9. hIncludes individuals who left against medical advice (n = 559)