Table 3 Association between specific health diagnoses and firearm suicide among legal handgun purchasers (N = 5415)

Mental illness

 Depression

2.30

1.76

3.01

2.07

1.57

2.74

 Anxiety

2.24

1.64

3.05

1.86

1.34

2.57

 PTSD

1.58

0.66

3.78

1.07

0.44

2.65

 Bipolar

1.26

0.79

1.98

0.80

0.49

1.29

 Schizophrenia

0.71

0.33

1.55

0.52

0.22

1.25

Drug use

 Opioid use disorder/poisoning

1.74

1.01

2.97

1.68

0.96

2.97

 Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolytic use disorder/poisoning

1.73

0.92

3.24

1.53

0.81

2.90

 Cannabis use disorder

1.62

0.91

2.89

1.69

0.92

3.12

 Stimulant use disorder/poisoning

0.80

0.45

1.42

0.55

0.30

1.03

Pain

 Rheumatoid Arthritis/Osteoarthritis

1.05

0.77

1.41

0.91

0.67

1.24

 Migraine/Chronic Headache

2.47

1.18

5.17

2.20

1.04

4.66

 Fibromyalgia/Chronic Pain/Fatigue

1.72

1.25

2.36

1.69

1.22

2.34

Chronic disease

 Acute MI

0.51

0.32

0.84

0.53

0.32

0.89

 Heart failure

0.74

0.54

1.03

0.80

0.55

1.17

 Hypertension

1.00

0.85

1.19

1.20

0.98

1.46

 Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack

0.62

0.38

1.01

0.68

0.41

1.12

 Asthma

0.87

0.61

1.25

0.89

0.62

1.30

 COPD

1.14

0.84

1.55

1.29

0.92

1.80

 Diabetes

0.72

0.57

0.92

0.73

0.56

0.96

 TBI

0.32

0.13

0.82

0.41

0.16

1.03

 Epilepsy

0.42

0.24

0.73

0.46

0.26

0.81

 Cancer

1.95

1.20

3.18

1.89

1.15

3.09