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Table 6 Justification for political violence, in general and for 9 specific objectives

From: Views of democracy and society and support for political violence in the USA: findings from a nationally representative survey

What do you think about the use of force or violence in the following situations?

Respondents (n = 8620)

Estimated N of adults in USA

Unweighted n

Weighted % (95% CI)

N (95% CI) (in millions)

In general…to advance an important political objective that you support

 Never justified

7073

79.1 (78.1, 80.2)

204.4 (201.7, 207.5)

 Sometimes justified

1330

17.5 (16.5, 18.4)

45.1 (42.7, 47.6)

 Usually justified

131

2.1 (1.7, 2.6)

5.4 (4.5, 6.6)

 Always justified

58

0.9 (0.7, 1.2)

2.4 (1.8, 3.2)

 Non-response

28

0.4 (0.3, 0.6)

1.0 (0.8, 1.5)

Thinks violence is usually or always justified to advance at least 1 of 17 objectives

2770

32.8 (31.6, 33.9)

84.7 (81.7, 87.6)

To return Donald Trump to the presidency this year

 Never justified

7615

86.9 (85.9, 87.7)

224.6 (222.0, 226.5)

 Sometimes justified

461

6.1 (5.5, 6.7)

15.8 (14.2, 17.4)

 Usually justified

134

1.9 (1.6, 2.3)

5.0 (4.3, 6.0)

 Always justified

287

3.6 (3.1, 4.1)

9.2 (8.1, 10.5)

 Non-response

123

1.6 (1.3, 1.9)

4.1 (3.4, 4.9)

To stop an election from being stolen

 Never justified

6411

73.6 (72.6, 74.7)

190.2 (187.4, 192.9)

 Sometimes justified

1397

16.4 (15.6, 17.3)

42.4 (40.2, 44.8)

 Usually justified

291

3.7 (3.3, 4.3)

9.7 (8.5, 11.0)

 Always justified

406

4.7 (4.2, 5.3)

12.2 ( 11.0, 13.6)

 Non-response

114

1.5 (1.2, 1.8)

3.9 (3.1, 4.6)

To stop people who do not share my beliefs from voting

 Never justified

8031

91.8 (90.9, 92.5)

237.0 (235.0, 238.9)

 Sometimes justified

329

4.8 (4.3, 5.4)

12.4 (11.0, 14.0)

 Usually justified

94

1.5 (1.2, 1.8)

3.8 (3.0, 4.7)

 Always justified

68

1.0 (0.8,1.3)

3.1 (2.0, 3.5)

 Non-response

98

1.3 (1.0, 1.6)

3.4 (2.6, 4.1)

To prevent discrimination based on race or ethnicity

 Never justified

5592

62.7 (61.5, 63.9)

162.0 (159.0, 165.1)

 Sometimes justified

2236

27.2 (26.1, 28.3)

70.2 (67.4, 73.0)

 Usually justified

397

5.2 (4.7, 5.8)

13.4 (12.0, 14.9)

 Always justified

280

3.8 (3.3, 4.3)

9.8 (8.6, 11.2)

 Non-response

115

1.5 (1.2, 1.8)

3.9 (3.1, 4.6)

To preserve an American way of life based on Western European traditions

 Never justified

6354

74.0 (72.9, 75.0)

191.1 (188.4, 193.8)

 Sometimes justified

1662

18.6 (17.1, 19.5)

48.1 (44.2, 50.5)

 Usually justified

287

3.5 (3.1, 4.0)

9.1 (8.0, 10.3)

 Always justified

165

2.1 (1.7, 2.5)

5.3 (4.5, 6.3)

 Non-response

152

1.9 (1.6, 2.2)

4.9 (4.1, 5.7)

To preserve an American way of life I believe in

 Never justified

4702

55.4 (54.2, 56.6)

143.1 (140.0, 146.1)

 Sometimes justified

2800

31.6 (30.5, 32.7)

81.7 (78.9, 84.6)

 Usually justified

623

7.2 (6.6, 7.8)

18.5 (16.9, 20.2)

 Always justified

428

4.9 (4.4, 5.4)

12.7 (11.4, 14.0)

 Non-response

67

0.9 (0.6, 1.1)

2.3 (1.7, 2.9)

To oppose Americans who do not share my beliefs

 Never justified

7764

88.2 (87.4, 89.0)

227.8 (225.7, 230)

 Sometimes justified

620

8.2 (7.5, 8.9)

21.2 (19.4, 23.0)

 Usually justified

109

1.7 (1.3, 2.0)

4.4 (3.4, 5.3)

 Always justified

70

1.1 (0.8, 1.4)

2.9 (2.1, 3.7)

 Non-response

57

0.8 (0.5, 1.0)

2.0 (1.4, 2.5)

To oppose the government when it does not share my beliefs

 Never justified

7055

79.7 (78.7, 80.7)

205.9 (203.2, 208.4)

 Sometimes justified

1204

15.3 (14.4, 16.2)

39.5 (37.2, 41.8)

 Usually justified

167

2.3 (1.9, 2.7)

5.9 (5.0, 7.0)

 Always justified

81

1.2 (1.0, 1.6)

3.2 (2.5, 4.1)

 Non-response

113

1.5 (1.2, 1.9)

3.9 (3.1, 4.9)

To oppose the government when it tries to take private land for public purposes

 Never justified

5330

60.5 (59.3, 61.6)

156.2 (153.1, 159.2)

 Sometimes justified

2423

28.2 (27.2, 29.3)

72.9 (70.2, 75.7)

 Usually justified

438

5.8 (5.2, 6.4)

15.0 (13.5, 16.6)

 Always justified

307

4.0 (3.5, 4.5)

10.3 (9.1, 11.6)

 Non-response

122

1.5 (1.3,1.9)

3.9 (3.4, 4.9)