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Table 2 Injury characteristics by social vulnerability indexa

From: Relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and structural inequalities within the pediatric trauma population

 

First Quartileb

Second Quartileb

Third Quartileb

Fourth Quartileb

Control

N = 1211

COVID

N = 1590

p value

Control

N = 2034

COVID

N = 2426

p value

Control

N = 1953

COVID

N = 2232

p value

Control

N = 693

COVID

N = 820

p value

Intent of Injury, N (%)

 Intentional

58 (4.8)

62 (3.9)

0.29

129 (6.3)

154 (6.4)

1.00

160 (8.2)

189 (8.5)

0.80

102 (14.7)

147 (17.9)

0.11

 Unintentional

1139 (94.1)

1526 (96.0)

0.02

1877 (92.3)

2269 (93.5)

0.12

1774 (90.9)

2040 (91.4)

0.59

583 (84.1)

673 (82.1)

0.32

 Unknown

14 (1.2)

2 (0.1)

0.001

28 (1.4)

3 (0.1)

< 0.001

18 (0.9)

3 (0.1)

0.001

8 (1.2)

0 (0.0)

0.006

Type of Injury, N (%)

 Blunt

1031 (85.1)

1347 (84.7)

0.10

1653 (81.3)

1932 (79.6)

0.17

1537 (78.7)

1720 (77.1)

0.21

509 (73.3)

569 (69.4)

0.10

 Burn

48 (4.0)

79 (5.0)

 

102 (5.0)

156 (6.4)

0.05

115 (5.9)

174 (7.8)

0.02

52 (7.5)

66 (8.1)

0.76

 Penetrating

70 (5.8)

107 (6.7)

 

150 (7.4)

263 (10.8)

< 0.001

172 (8.8)

253 (11.3)

0.008

83 (12.0)

153 (18.7)

< 0.001

 Unknown

62 (5.1)

57 (3.6)

 

128 (6.3)

75 (3.1)

< 0.001

128 (6.6)

85 (3.8)

< 0.001

50 (7.2)

32 (3.9)

0.007

Mechanism of Injury, N (%)

 Burn

48 (4.0)

79 (5.0)

0.24

102 (5.0)

156 (6.4)

0.05

114 (5.8)

174 (7.8)

0.02

52 (7.5)

66 (8.1)

0.77

 Child Abuse

30 (2.5)

28 (1.8)

0.24

67 (3.3)

78 (3.2)

0.95

90 (4.61)

107 (4.8)

0.83

42 (6.1)

51 (6.2)

0.98

 Cut/Pierce

32 (2.6)

43 (2.7)

1.00

63 (3.1)

101 (4.2)

0.07

64 (3.3)

77 (3.5)

0.82

24 (3.5)

30 (3.7)

0.95

 Fall

604 (49.9)

737 (46.4)

0.07

866 (42.6)

913 (37.6)

0.001

796 (40.8)

790 (35.4)

< 0.001

217 (31.3)

212 (25.9)

0.02

 Firearm

8 (0.7)

7 (0.4)

0.60

19 (0.9)

48 (2.0)

0.006

38 (2.0)

69 (3.1)

0.03

42 (6.1)

91 (11.1)

0.001

 Motor Vehicle Crash

113 (9.3)

105 (6.6)

0.009

231 (11.4)

222 (9.2)

0.02

218 (11.2)

224 (10.0)

0.26

109 (15.7)

138 (16.8)

0.61

 All-Terrain Vehicle

52 (4.3)

104 (6.5)

0.01

109 (5.4)

224 (9.2)

< 0.001

106 (5.4)

170 (7.6)

0.005

14 (2.0)

27 (3.3)

0.17

Bicycle

74 (6.1)

177 (11.1)

< 0.001

114 (5.6)

205 (8.5)

< 0.001

104 (5.3)

139 (6.2)

0.24

32 (4.6)

53 (6.5)

0.15

 Pedestrian

18 (1.5)

18 (1.1)

0.51

40 (2.0)

36 (1.5)

0.26

60 (3.1)

46 (2.1)

0.05

43 (6.2)

35 (4.3)

0.11

 Struck By/Against

116 (9.6)

124 (7.8)

0.11

205 (10.1)

164 (6.8)

< 0.001

154 (7.9)

164 (7.4)

0.55

58 (8.4)

42 (5.1)

0.02

 Unknown

116 (9.6)

168 (10.6)

0.43

217 (10.7)

279 (11.5)

0.41

209 (10.7)

272 (12.2)

0.15

60 (8.7)

75 (9.2)

0.81

Injury Severity Score, N (%)

 0–14

1054 (93.1)

1491 (94.1)

0.34

1732 (92.5)

2238 (92.5)

0.99

1734 (92.4)

2026 (91.2)

0.15

612 (91.3)

735 (90.6)

0.78

 15–24

48 (4.2)

64 (4.0)

 

88 (4.7)

112 (4.6)

 

94 (5.0)

116 (5.2)

 

31 (4.6)

44 (5.4)

 

 ≥ 25

30 (2.7)

29 (1,8)

 

53 (2.8)

69 (2.9)

 

48 (2.6)

80 (3.6)

 

27 (4.0)

32 (4.0)

 

Mortality, N (%)

 Alive

1202 (99.3)

1582 (99.5)

0.57

2015 (99.1)

2415 (99.6)

0.08

1937 (99.2)

2205 (98.8)

0.27

679 (98.0)

799 (97.4)

0.60

 Dead

9 (0.7)

8 (0.5)

 

19 (0.9)

11 (0.5)

 

16 (0.8)

27 (1.2)

 

14 (2.0)

21 (2.6)

 
  1. Bold p-values represent statistically significant results
  2. aSocial vulnerability index quartiles; the first quartile represents the least vulnerable children and the fourth quartile represents the most vulnerable children; first quartile: 0.00 to 0.249; second quartile: 0.250 to 0.499; third quartile: 0.500 to 0.749; fourth quartile: 0.750 to 1.00
  3. bWhen a variable with more than two groups was statistically significant, comparisons of binomial proportions were completed to understand which category was statistically significant
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Injury Epidemiology

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