Table 1 Analytic sample of men ages 16–24 years in the eThekwini District, South Africa, during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2021-2022: bivariable logistic regressions of IPV perpetration on potential confounders
Characteristic, N (%) unless noted | IPV perpetration | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||
Overalla | 74 (12.5) | 518 (87.5) | N/A |
Economic Hardship | 50 (67.6) | 236 (45.6) | 2.49 (1.50–2.43) |
Age, years mean (SD) | 22.27 (1.82) | 21.67 (2.40) | 1.13 (1.00–1.27) |
Race, Black | 57 (77.0) | 378 (73.0) | 1.24 (0.70–2.21) |
School or employment | 49 (66.2) | 386 (74.5) | 0.67 (0.40–1.13) |
Sexual orientation | |||
Heterosexual | 64 (86.5) | 481 (92.9) | Ref |
GBQQA | 10 (13.5) | 37 (7.1) | 2.03 (0.96–4.28) |
Household income level | |||
I do not get an income | 15 (20.3) | 54 (10.4) | Ref |
R1-R800 | 14 (18.9) | 132 (25.5) | 0.38 (0.17–0.84) |
R801-R1600 | 8 (10.8) | 106 (20.5) | 0.27 (0.11–0.68) |
R1601-R3200 | 11 (14.9) | 92 (17.8) | 0.43 (0.18–1.00) |
R3201+ | 26 (35.1) | 134 (25.9) | 0.70 (0.34–1.42) |
Relationship status | |||
No partner | 19 (25.7) | 52 (10.0) | Ref |
Partner and living together | 40 (54.1) | 436 (84.2) | 1.37 (0.61–3.08) |
Partner and not living together | 15 (20.3) | 30 (5.8) | 0.25 (0.14–0.47) |
Has one or more children | 45 (60.8) | 191 (36.9) | 2.66 (1.61–4.38) |
Household composition | |||
Children in household, mean (SD) | 2.69 (1.22) | 2.20 (1.35) | 1.30 (1.09–1.56) |
Adults in household, mean (SD) | 3.24 (1.52) | 3.70 (1.45) | 0.80 (0.67–0.95) |
Seniors in household, mean (SD) | 1.31 (0.81) | 0.95 (1.19) | 1.21 (0.99–1.49) |
HIV status | |||
Negative | 22 (29.7) | 285 (55.0) | Ref |
Positive | 5 (6.8) | 17 (3.3) | 3.81 (1.28–11.30) |
Unknown or prefer not to answer | 47 (63.5) | 216 (41.7) | 2.82 (1.65–4.82) |
Alcohol use frequency | |||
Never | 26 (35.1) | 177 (34.2) | Ref |
Once a month or less | 8 (10.8) | 164 (31.7) | 0.33 (0.15–0.75) |
Once or more per week | 40 (54.1) | 177 (34.2) | 1.54 (0.90–2.63) |
Anxious during COVID-19 pandemic | 32 (43.2) | 206 (39.8) | 1.15 (0.71–2.89) |
Worried during COVID-19 pandemic | 47 (63.5) | 289 (55.8) | 1.38 (0.83–2.28) |
Upset during COVID-19 pandemic | 34 (45.9) | 130 (25.1) | 2.54 (1.54–4.18) |
Unable to cope during COVID-19 pandemic | 29 (39.2) | 107 (20.7) | 2.48 (1.48–4.13) |